Doomsday clock remains at closest point to midnight
Á¾¸»ÀÇ ½Ã°è´Â ÀÚÁ¤¿¡ °¡Àå °¡±î¿î ÁöÁ¡¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
[thehill] 2022. 01. 20. 11:36 EST
Like the sands of the hourglass, the world is slipping toward self-destruction one second at a time, the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists concluded Thursday, once again setting the hands of the famed Doomsday clock at 100 seconds to midnight.
¸ð·¡½Ã°èÀÇ ¸ð·¡Ã³·³ ¼¼°è´Â ÇÑ ¹ø¿¡ 1Ãʾ¿ ÀÚ¸êÀ» ÇâÇØ ¹Ì²ô·¯Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ¿øÀÚ°úÇÐÀÚȸº¸(Bulletin of Atomic Scientists)°¡ 30ÀÏ(ÇöÁö½Ã°£) °á·ÐÁþ°í Á¾¸»ÀÇ ½Ã°è´Â ÀÚÁ¤±îÁö·Î 100Ãʸ¦ Àâ¾Ò´Ù.
For the third year in a row, the clock was set in seconds, not minutes, to show urgency behind the metaphor of how close the Earth is to annihilation.
3³â ¿¬¼ÓÀ¸·Î ½Ã°è´Â Áö±¸°¡ ¾ó¸¶³ª ¸ê¸Á À§±â¿¡ óÇØ ÀÖ´ÂÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀºÀ¯ µÚ¿¡ ±ä±Þ ¼ºÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ±â À§ÇØ ºÐÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ÃÊ ´ÜÀ§·Î ¼³Á¤µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
¡°Steady is not good news. In fact, it reflects the judgment of the board that we are stuck in a perilous moment, one that brings neither stability nor security,¡± Sharon Squassoni, co-chair of the Science and Security Board for the Bulletin and a professor at the Institute for International Science and Technology Policy at George Washington University, said at a press conference.
½ºÅ×µð´Â ÁÁÀº ¼Ò½ÄÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¾ß.»þ·Ð ½ºÄõ¼Ò´Ï ¹Ì±¹ °úÇк¸¾ÈÀ§¿øȸ °øµ¿À§¿øÀå °â Á¶Áö¿ö½ÌÅÏ´ë ±¹Á¦°úÇбâ¼úÁ¤Ã¥¿¬±¸¿ø ±³¼ö´Â ±âÀÚȸ°ß¿¡¼ "»ç½Ç»ó ¿ì¸®°¡ ¾ÈÁ¤µµ ¾Èº¸µµ °¡Á®´ÙÁÖÁö ¾Ê´Â À§ÇèÇÑ ¼ø°£¿¡ °¤Çô ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀÌ»çȸÀÇ ÆÇ´ÜÀ» ¹Ý¿µÇÑ´Ù"°í ¸»Çß´Ù.
The Bulletin of Atomic Scientists created the clock in 1947 to represent how close the planet was to annihilation by nuclear weapons. In more recent years, the journal has also weighed the effects of climate change and other emerging threats in setting the clock.
¿øÀÚ·Â °úÇÐÀÚµéÀÇ °Ô½ÃÆÇÀº 1947³â¿¡ ÀÌ Ç༺ÀÌ ÇÙ¹«±â¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Àü¸ê¿¡ ¾ó¸¶³ª °¡±î¿îÁö¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»±â À§ÇØ ÀÌ ½Ã°è¸¦ ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù ¸î ³â µ¿¾È, ÀÌ Àú³ÎÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ±âÈÄ º¯È¿Í ´Ù¸¥ »õ·Î¿î À§ÇùµéÀÌ ½Ã°è¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ» Àú¿ïÁúÇØ ¿Ô´Ù.
On the seventy-fifth anniversary of the clock, the bulletin¡¯s experts outlined a host of threats facing the world, from disinformation stoking division, an increase in global tensions fueling a nuclear arms race, a pandemic highlighting nation¡¯s inability to battle increasingly frequent outbreaks, and climate change exacerbating natural disasters and global instability.
ÀÌ °Ô½ÃÆÇÀÇ Àü¹®°¡µéÀº 75ÁÖ³âÀÌ µÇ´Â ÇØ¿¡, À߸øµÈ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ºÐ´Ü, ÇÙ ±ººñ °æÀïÀ» ºÎäÁúÇÏ´Â ¼¼°èÀûÀÎ ±äÀåÀÇ Áõ°¡, Á¡Á¡ ´õ ºó¹øÇØÁö´Â ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¹«´ÉÇÔÀ» °Á¶ÇÏ´Â ´ëÀ¯Çà, ±×¸®°í ÀÚ¿¬ ÀçÇØ¿Í ¼¼°è ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤À» ¾ÇȽÃÅ°´Â ±âÈÄ º¯È·ÎºÎÅÍ ¼¼°è°¡ Á÷¸éÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¸¹Àº À§Çùµé¿¡ ´ëÇØ °³·«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³¸íÇß´Ù.
The group noted that power struggles continue to exacerbate the world¡¯s risk of destruction, with the extension of the New START nuclear treaty offset by nuclear ambitions in Iran, North Korea, India and Pakistan, while competition between the U.S., China and Russia only adds to instability on a security front.
ÀÌ ´Üü´Â ´º½ºÅ¸Æ® ÇÙÁ¶¾à ¿¬ÀåÀÌ À̶õ, ºÏÇÑ, Àεµ, ÆÄÅ°½ºÅºÀÇ ÇÙ ¾ß¸Á¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ó¼âµÇ´Â ¹Ý¸é ¹Ì±¹, Áß±¹, ·¯½Ã¾Æ °£ÀÇ °æÀïÀº ¾Èº¸ Àü¼±ÀÇ ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤¼ºÀ» °¡Áß½Ãų »ÓÀ̶ó´Â Á¡¿¡¼ ±Ç·Â ÅõÀïÀº ¼¼°èÀÇ Æı« À§ÇèÀ» °è¼Ó ¾ÇȽÃÅ°°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁöÀûÇß´Ù.
¡°The Doomsday Clock is not set by good intentions, but rather by evidence of action, or in this case inaction,¡± Scott D. Sagan, a Stanford University professor, told reporters. ¡°Signs of nuclear arms races are clear.¡±
½ºÄà D. ¼¼ÀÌ°Ç ½ºÅÄÆÛµå´ë ±³¼ö´Â ±âÀڵ鿡°Ô "Á¾¸»ÀÇ ½Ã°è´Â ÁÁÀº Àǵµ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼³Á¤µÈ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÇൿÀÇ Áõ°Å, Áï ÀÌ °æ¿ì ¾ß¸Á ¶§¹®¿¡ ¼³Á¤µÈ´Ù"°í ¸»Çß´Ù. ÇÙ¹«±â °æÀïÀÇ Â¡ÈÄ´Â ºÐ¸íÇÏ´Ù."
Disinformation also played a particularly notable role in keeping the clock at the closest point to midnight in history, with experts noting its impact on democracy, climate change, and the pandemic, with an increasing number of people falsely believing in widespread voter fraud, skeptical of vaccination, and disinterested in curbing behavior that warms the planet.
À߸øµÈ Á¤º¸´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ, ±âÈÄ º¯È ¹× Àü¿°º´¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâ¿¡ ÁÖ¸ñÇÏ´Â Àü¹®°¡µé°ú ÇÔ²² ¿ª»ç»ó ÀÚÁ¤¿¡ °¡Àå °¡±î¿î ½ÃÁ¡¿¡ ½Ã°è¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â µ¥ ƯÈ÷ ÁÖ¸ñÇÒ¸¸ÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇßÀ¸¸ç, ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ À¯±ÇÀÚ´Â »ç±â¸¦ À߸ø ¹Ï´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Áõ°¡ÇÏ°í ¹é½Å Á¢Á¾¿¡ ȸÀÇÀûÀ̸ç Áö±¸¸¦ µû¶æÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â ÇൿÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¹«°ü½ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¡°The resulting factors mean a world in which different and antagonistic political tribes each live in their own factual universes. This is not a world governed by reason or reality and is itself an existential threat to modern civilization as we have come to know it,¡± said Herb Lin, a senior research scholar for cyber policy and security at the Center for International Security and Cooperation.
°á°úÀûÀÎ ¿ä¼ÒµéÀº ¼·Î ´Ù¸£°í Àû´ëÀûÀÎ Á¤Ä¡Àû Á¾Á·µéÀÌ °¢°¢ ÀڽŵéÀÇ »ç½ÇÀû ¿ìÁÖ ¾È¿¡¼ »ç´Â ¼¼°è¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. "ÀÌ°ÍÀº À̼ºÀ̳ª Çö½Ç¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Áö¹èµÇ´Â ¼¼°è°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¸ç ¿ì¸®°¡ ¾Ë°Ô µÈ Çö´ë ¹®¸í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ÇÁ¸ Àû À§Çù ±× ÀÚüÀÔ´Ï´Ù. "±¹Á¦¾Èº¸Çù·Â¼¾ÅÍÀÇ »çÀ̹ö Á¤Ã¥ ¹× º¸¾È¼ö¼®¿¬±¸¿øÀÎ Çãºê ¸° (Herb Lin)ÀÌ ¸»Çß´Ù.
Rachel Bronson, president of the Bulletin, noted that global challenges had changed little since 2021, when the clock stayed at 100 seconds to midnight in a reflection of optimism over the election of President Biden and pronouncements to address the threat of nuclear weapons, through the New START missile treaty with Russia and an intention to revive the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), the 2015 nuclear agreement with Iran.
·¹ÀÌÿ ºê·Ð½¼ ȸÀåÀº ·¯½Ã¾Æ¿ÍÀÇ New START ¹Ì»çÀÏ Á¶¾à°ú 2015³â À̶õ ÇÙÇùÁ¤ÀÎ JCPoA(°øµ¿ Á¾ÇÕÇൿ °èȹ)¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¹ÙÀÌµç ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ´ç¼±¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³«°ü·Ð°ú ÇÙ¹«±â À§Çù¿¡ ´ëóÇÏ°Ú´Ù´Â ¼±¾ðÀ» ¹Ý¿µÇÏ¿© ½Ã°è°¡ ÀÚÁ¤±îÁö 100ÃÊ¿¡ ¸Ó¹°·¶´ø 2021³â ÀÌÈÄ ¼¼°èÀûÀÎ µµÀüÀº °ÅÀÇ º¯ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù°í ÁöÀûÇß´Ù.
¡°We continue to believe that human beings can manage the dangers posed by modern technology even in times of crisis. But if humanity is to avoid an existential catastrophe, one that would dwarf anything it has yet seen, national leaders must do a far better job of countering disinformation, heeding science and cooperating to diminish global risks,¡± she said.
¿ì¸®´Â Àΰ£ÀÌ À§±â »óȲ¿¡¼µµ Çö´ë ±â¼úÀÌ ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â À§ÇèÀ» °ü¸®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹Ï´Â´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Àηù°¡ ¾ÆÁ÷ º¸Áö ¸øÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¿Ö¼ÒÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µå´Â ½ÇÁ¸Àû Àç¾ÓÀ» ÇÇÇÏ·Á¸é ±¹°¡ ÁöµµÀÚµéÀº À߸øµÈ Á¤º¸¿¡ ´ëÀÀÇÏ°í °úÇп¡ ÁÖÀǸ¦ ±â¿ïÀÌ¸ç ¼¼°èÀûÀÎ À§ÇèÀ» ÁÙÀ̱â À§ÇØ Çù·ÂÇÏ´Â ÈξÀ ´õ ³ªÀº ÀÏÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù"°í ±×³à´Â ¸»Çß´Ù.
¡°The COVID 19 pandemic serves as a historic wake up call, a vivid illustration, that national governments and international organizations are unprepared to manage complex and dangerous challenges like those of nuclear weapons and climate change, which currently puts existential threat to humanity, or other dangers including more virulent pandemics [or] next generation warfare that could threaten civilization in the near future.¡±
"Äڷγª19 ´ëÀ¯ÇàÀº ±¹°¡ Á¤ºÎ¿Í ±¹Á¦±â±¸µéÀÌ ÇöÀç Àηù¿¡°Ô ½ÇÁ¸Àû À§ÇùÀ» °¡ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ÇÙ¹«±â¿Í ±âÈĺ¯È, ¶Ç´Â °¡±î¿î ¹Ì·¡¿¡ ¹®¸íÀ» À§ÇùÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´õ Ä¡¸íÀûÀÎ Àü¿°º´À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ´Ù¸¥ À§Çèµé°ú °°Àº º¹ÀâÇÏ°í À§ÇèÇÑ µµÀüµéÀ» °ü¸®ÇÒ Áغñ°¡ µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù´Â ¿ª»çÀû °æ°¢½É, »ý»ýÇÑ »ðÈ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù."
2020 marked the first time the doomsday clock moved to 100 seconds to midnight, the closest it's ever been to the endpoint for destruction and the first time it was measured in seconds rather than minutes, reflecting the urgency of the moment.
2020 ³âÀº ÃÖÈÄ ½ÉÆÇÀÇ ½Ã°è°¡ ÀÚÁ¤±îÁö 100ÃÊ·Î À̵¿ÇÑ Ã¹ ¹ø° ½Ã°£À¸·Î, Æı«¸¦ À§ÇÑ Á¾Á¡¿¡ °¡Àå °¡±õ°í ¼ø°£ÀÇ ±ä¹Ú°¨À» ¹Ý¿µÇÏ¿© ºÐÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ÃÊ ´ÜÀ§·Î ÃøÁ¤µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
The announcement reflected an increase in tensions between the U.S. and Iran that came in January of that year with the U.S.' targeted killing of top Iranian general Qassem Soleimani, and the growing dangers of failing to address climate change.
ÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥´Â ±× ÇØ 1 ¿ù¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´ø ¹Ì±¹°ú À̶õ °£ÀÇ ±äÀåÀÌ °íÁ¶µÇ°í ÀÖÀ½À» ¹Ý¿µÇß´Ù. ¹Ì±¹Àº À̶õÀÇ ÃÖ°í À屺 Ä«¼À ¼Ö·¹ÀÌ ¸¶´Ï¸¦ Ç¥Àû»ìÇØ¿Í ±âÈÄ º¯È¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÏÁö ¸øÇÒ À§Ç輺ÀÌ Ä¿Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù.
The 2020 announcement, made in January, occurred ahead of the World Health Organization declaring the quickly circulating coronavirus a global pandemic.
1¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥µÈ 2020³â ¹ßÇ¥´Â ºü¸£°Ô ¼øȯÇÏ´Â Äڷγª¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º¸¦ ¼¼°èÀûÀÎ ´ëÀ¯ÇàÀ¸·Î ¼±¾ðÇÏ´Â ¼¼°èº¸°Ç±â±¸(WHO)¸¦ ¾ÕµÎ°í ³ª¿Ô´Ù.
[thehill] https://thehill.com/policy/national-security/590587-doomsday-clock-remains-at-closest-point-to-midnight